DNS and privacy: how names resolve

A clear introduction to DNS queries, encrypted DNS and common resolution problems.

How it works

DNS translates hostnames into network addresses. A DNS outage or misconfiguration can make websites appear unavailable even when your local connection is otherwise healthy.

DNS over HTTPS and DNS over TLS encrypt queries to compatible resolvers, but do not hide every aspect of network activity or solve every website reachability problem.

What to keep in mind

When troubleshooting, review DNS settings, device connectivity and provider status. Avoid copying unknown network configuration files from untrusted sources.